John Kerry on China
TL;DR
John Kerry views China as an essential partner for climate action but also as a key geopolitical and economic rival that requires careful management.
Key Points
As Secretary of State in 2014, he defined the U.S.-China relationship as the most consequential in the world, built on managing differences and coordinating on aligned interests.
He noted that China had invited him for talks in May 2023, highlighting ongoing high-level engagement on climate issues.
In 2023, two senators wrote to Kerry regarding China taking advantage of the Paris Agreement, which he negotiated, by keeping its developing country status.
Summary
John Kerry, both as Secretary of State and as the Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, maintained a dual approach toward China, recognizing its vital role in addressing the global climate crisis while acknowledging it as America's chief economic and geopolitical rival. He strongly advocated for sustained, high-level dialogue and cooperation with Beijing on environmental issues, asserting that no global climate solution is possible without the world's two largest economies working in tandem. This necessity for collaboration, he argued, supersedes political disagreements, as their combined emissions impact the entire planet and their cooperation can set global standards for the clean energy transition.
His diplomatic efforts have centered on engaging China despite underlying tensions over security, trade, and human rights issues, which he insisted must be managed but should not halt climate progress. Critics, however, have argued that this focus on climate diplomacy has allowed China to take advantage of international frameworks, such as the Paris Agreement, by maintaining its status as a developing nation. Kerry's position implies that while competition is inevitable, the existential threat of climate change demands a pragmatic, results-oriented partnership where mutual interests in green technology and economic transition can bridge significant political divides.
Key Quotes
The U.S.-China relationship is the most consequential in the world today, period, and it will do much to determine the shape of the 21st century.
Frequently Asked Questions
John Kerry's primary focus in his diplomatic role as climate envoy has been securing Chinese partnership for global climate action. According to remarks in 2023, he emphasized that US-China climate diplomacy could make a huge difference for the world. However, he also acknowledged that this focus occurs alongside managing significant geopolitical and economic rivalry.
Yes, John Kerry has expressed concerns about China's continued construction of coal-fired power plants, which threatens global climate advances, according to a November 2025 report. Furthermore, during his tenure as Secretary of State, he advocated for shared responsibility on emissions reduction, recognizing that neither country alone could solve the problem.
John Kerry criticized the climate policy of the Trump administration, stating in November 2025 that the US was becoming a 'denier, delayer and divider' on climate change. He added that when the United States disengaged, China "enjoys newfound freedom from scrutiny" regarding its environmental and international role.
Sources6
John Kerry says US under Trump becoming 'denier, delayer and divider' on climate change; criticizes 'ineptitude' in China policy | Chatham House
If You Want to Beat China, Invest in Renewables, Says John Kerry
Barrasso, Hawley: China Takes Advantage of John Kerry's Climate Treaty - U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
Remarks on U.S.-China Relations
U.S. Department of State - Secretary Kerry Comments on U.S.-China Relations (YouTube)
John Kerry: US-China climate diplomacy could make huge difference
* This is not an exhaustive list of sources.